佘山地磁台百年磁暴（二）——极大磁暴分析

本文是佘山地磁台百年磁暴的第二部分,对其极大磁暴（主相ΔH≥400 nT）进行分析.通过与其他三组由不同地磁活动指数定义的极大磁暴对比,表明佘山台用主相幅度差对极大磁暴的定义与之基本相符.同时结合几个典型磁暴,对磁暴与太阳风、行星际磁场和电离层之间的关系进行了讨论.     

A note on MESA and spectral analysis of the hundred-year geomagnetic data at Zo-se

Summary. In the maximum entropy spectrum analysis (MESA) of geomagnetic data, the required order can be estimated by the zero-frequency half-power width (ZHW) minimum method proposed in this paper. The spectra of the data for 1876–1975 at Zo-se showed a period of 40yr, in addition to the well-known periods. The amplitudes of the variations were estimated with parabolic-sinusoidal series fitting.     

三十年来我国地磁和高空物理学的进展

本文对三十年来我国地磁和高空物理学的进展,作了较系统的评述,分下列14个方面:（1）地磁台的建设,（2）地磁测量和中国地磁图,（3）地磁短期变化和磁暴预报,（4）岩石磁性、古地磁和考古地磁,（5）大地电磁勘探和有关的工作,（6）磁法勘探及推断方面的发展,（7）地磁地电仪器的研制,（8）震磁关系的探索和理论研究,（9）日地关系若干统计分析,（10）高层大气结构和臭氧层测定,（11）关于电离层的探测和分析研究,（12）磁层结构和扰动,（13）宇宙线强度变化的测定和研究,（14）简短的回顾和展望。     

佘山地磁台百年磁暴（一）——太阳周期变化

上海佘山地磁台位于中纬度地区,拥有逾百年的连续地磁场观测资料,非常有利于研究地磁活动的周期规律.本文利用该台站1908至2007年的100年磁暴记录,通过时序叠加、傅里叶分析和小波分析研究了磁暴的周期规律.结果表明：强磁暴具有显著的11年、22年和季节变化;弱中等磁暴没有明显的11年周期,并且季节变化的幅度较小.奇/偶太阳活动周相比,强磁暴的季节变化存在一定的差异,低年季节变化不明显,高年季节变化显著,并且偶数周的变化相对复杂.     

关于地磁场超低频脉动(ULF)的研究

本文是关于地磁场超低频脉动研究的综述,内容包括：（1）历史和内容提要;（2）脉动分类的探究;（3）关于“四多”（多观测仪器、多卫星和飞船、多地面和网络、多分析方法）;（4）其它行星ULF波的探求.     

北京近郊夜空气辉的观测和分析——中国第一批气辉观测数据（1986~1989）

本文扼要介绍中美科学合作夜空气辉观测研究的成果.首先,气辉合作研制成一套四通道的气辉观测仪器,其次,在北京近郊怀柔和兴隆二台站进行观测.从1986年至1989年积累114日成功地提供我国第一批气辉观测数据.本文着重分析其中41次对绿线5577和红线6300的时间变化,进行频谱分析,探讨气辉与大气扰动(声重波)和气辉与大磁暴之间的关系.最后文末提些今后开展气辉研究意见.     

Analysis of geomagnetic effect of previous 5 solar eclipses occurring in China during past 50 years

In this paper results and analysis of geomagnetic observations during previous 5 solar eclipses occurred in China are summarized. They are solar eclipses: No. 1, on 19 June 1936 in Heilongjiang of NE China; No. 2, on 21 September 1941 in Fujian; No. 3, on 19 April 1958 in Hainandao; No. 4, on 22 September 1968 in Xinjiang; and No. 5, on 16 February 1980 in Yunnan of SW China. The authors took part in the last 2 expeditions and joint programmes in the track of totality.The methods of evaluation for eclipse effects on the geomagnetic field are briefly described both for the quiet and disturbed days. The discussion of these data is made with reference to Chapman's theoretical consideration on optical eclipse effect, together with the quiet-day overhead current systems in the upper atmosphere. We conclude that optical eclipse effects are easily observable under favourable conditions, and further observations are essential to establish the yet unknown effects due to corpuscular eclipses.     

A study of geomagnetic storms at Beijing in terms of solar wind

With the aid of the Akasofu's energy coupling function between the solar wind and the magnetosphere, we have made in this paper an analysis of about 20 geomagnetic storms recorded at Beijing during the period of years 1966 to 1972. There is a close correlation between the energy coupling function ? and the geomagnetic indices a_p and K_p. All in all an empirical formula as ? ～ 1?2 × 10¹⁷a_p has been found for the geomagnetic storms occurred in a low latitude station, i.e. Beijing of China. Comparisons of the horizontal component H_max (in γ) and ?(10¹⁸ erg s^?1) in Table 1 indicate that the development of storm main phase at Beijing depends very much on the ? values thus involved. Also, these are well illustrated for several individual storms as mentioned in the second section of the paper. In concluding this paper some brief discussions are made and included. It is hoped that geomagnetic observations in the middle and low latitudes from our vast country should make further contributions to the study of solar wind-magnetosphere coupling, including the Akasofu's energy coupling function.     

STATE OF MAGNETOSPHERE AND MICROPULSATION CLASSIFICATION

Geomagnetic pulsations are usually classified into pc1-pc5 and pi1-pi2 according to the wave form and the period range. In this paper authors′attempt is to purpose a new classification with reference to the state of magnetosphere and the mechanism of excitation.